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Cecilia Glaisher (20 April 1828 – 28 December 1892) was an English amateur photographer, artist, illustrator and print-maker, working in the 1850s world of Victorian science and natural history. ==Early life and marriage== Cecilia Louisa Glaisher (''née'' Belville) was born on 20 April 1828, in Greenwich, Kent. Her father, John Henry Belville (1795–1856), was an assistant astronomical observer at the Royal Observatory, Greenwich, and author of ''A Manual of the Barometer'' (London: R. & J.E. Taylor, 1849) and ''A Manual Of The Thermometer'' (London: R. & J.E. Taylor, 1850).〔Hannavy, John (2007) ''Encyclopedia of Nineteenth-Century Photography'', pp. 592–594, New York & London: Routledge〕 It is not known whether Cecilia Belville received any formal or scientific education, although an upbringing where the recording of astronomical and meteorological phenomena was part of daily life suggests an awareness of a wider world view than that given to many nineteenth-century British females. It is recorded in one of her father’s work books that she had her first painting lesson on 17 April 1841, from Mr Villalobos.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.oxforddnb.com/index/59/101059885/ )〕 She married James Glaisher (1809–1903), at All Souls Church, St Marylebone, on 31 December 1843. The Glaishers had three children: Cecilia Appelina (1845–1932), James Whitbread Lee (1848–1928), and Ernest Henry (1858–1885).〔Birth, Marriage and Death certificates, The National Archives, Kew, London〕 James Glaisher's career is well documented. He was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society in 1849 and became a member of many other learned societies. He was President of the (Royal) Meteorological Society in 1867-8, the (Royal) Microscopical Society in 1865-9, and the (Royal) Photographic Society during the years 1869–92. He worked at the Royal Observatory, Greenwich, from 1836 to 1874, from 1840 as Superintendent of the newly created Meteorological and Magnetic Department, when George Biddell Airy (1801–1892) was Astronomer Royal.〔Hannavy, John (2007) ''Encyclopedia of Nineteenth-Century Photography'', pp. 592–594, Routledge〕〔Glaisher, J., Flammarion, C., De Fonvielle, W., & Tissandier, G. (1871) ''Travels in the Air'', London: Richard Bentley〕〔Matthew, H.C.G. & Harrison, Brian, eds. (2004) ''Oxford Dictionary of National Biography'', Oxford: Oxford University Press〕〔Holmes, Richard (2013) ''Falling Upwards: Travels in the Air'', pp. 197–225, London: William Collins〕 It is likely that everything Cecilia Glaisher learnt about photography would have been through her husband, perhaps initially by helping and later collaborating with him, and through contacts with other scientists and photographers in the world the Glaishers moved in, especially at Hartwell House in Buckinghamshire, the home of Dr John Lee (1783–1866). Like many women at the time, Cecilia Glaisher's artistic skills would have been of great use both to her husband and possibly other scientists with whom they mixed.〔 Women were actively participating in acquiring scientific knowledge, whether by actual research or by carefully recording, classifying, or illustrating specimens. But as science became "professionalised" during the 1850s women were excluded from the majority of learned society meetings where research was discussed and papers read. They were usually permitted only to attend social occasions or "scientific conversazione" on carefully selected topics. They were not granted membership to the majority of learned societies, in some cases until halfway through the twentieth century. Recognition and public acknowledgement of contributions by women was the exception.〔Shteir, Ann B. (1996), ''Cultivating Women, Cultivating Science: Flora's Daughters and Botany in England 1760–1860'', Baltimore & London: The Johns Hopkins University Press〕 It is not clear just when Cecilia Glaisher began making images photographically, but by 1855 she is documented as having started work on ''The British Ferns''.〔Library & Archives of the Linnean Society, Piccadilly, London〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Cecilia Glaisher」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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